Sunday, January 5, 2020
Cerrar Conjugation in Spanish, Translation, and Examples
The Spanish verb cerrarà means to closeà or shut something. Ità is anà -arà verb, so it follows theà same conjugation pattern as other -arà verbs, like cortar and cenar. However,à cerrarà is a stem-changing verb, which means that the e in the stem changes to ie when it falls on a stressed syllable.à In this article you can find cerrar conjugations in the present, past and future indicative, the present and past subjunctive, the imperative, and other verb forms like the past and present participles. Using the Verb Cerrar In Spanish, cerrarà can be used in most contexts when you would say to close or to shut in English. For example, cerrar la puertaà (to close the door), cerrar la tiendaà (to close the store),à cerrar las cortinasà (to close the curtains), cerrar la heridaà (to close the wound), or cerrar el eventoà (to close or end the event). However, cerrarà has a few other uses, such as cerrar el tubo oà el aguaà (to turn off the faucet or the water), orà cerrar el puà ±oà (to make a fist or clench your fist).à Cerrar Present Indicative In the present indicative, be careful with the stem change e to ie, which occurs in all the conjugations except nosotrosà and vosotros. Yo cierro I close Yo cierro las ventanas del carro. T cierras You close T cierras las cortinas por la noche. Usted/l/ella cierra You/he/she closes Ella cierra el evento con un discurso. Nosotros cerramos We close Nosotros cerramos el restaurante muy tarde. Vosotros cerris You close Vosotros cerris el tubo para no gastar agua. Ustedes/ellos/ellas cierran You/they close Ellos cierran el libro al terminar la clase. Cerrar Preteriteà Indicative Theà preteriteà tense can be translated as the simple past in English, andà is used to talk about completed actionsà in the past. Notice that the present and preterite indicative forms of cerrar for nosotrosà are bothà cerramos.à Context is necessary to determine whether that verb refers to the present or the past. There is no stem change in the preteriteà tense. Yo cerr I closed Yo cerr las ventanas del carro. T cerraste You closed T cerraste las cortinas por la noche. Usted/l/ella cerr You/he/she closed Ella cerr el evento con un discurso. Nosotros cerramos We closed Nosotros cerramos el restaurante muy tarde. Vosotros cerrasteis You closed Vosotros cerrasteis el tubo para no gastar agua. Ustedes/ellos/ellas cerraron You/they closed Ellos cerraron el libro al terminar la clase. Cerrar Imperfectà Indicative There is no stem change in theà imperfect tense either, which can be translated to English as was closing or used to close,à and is used to talk about ongoing or habitual actions in the past.à Yo cerraba I used to close Yo cerraba las ventanas del carro. T cerrabas You used to close T cerrabas las cortinas por la noche. Usted/l/ella cerraba You/he/she used to close Ella cerraba el evento con un discurso. Nosotros cerrbamos We used to close Nosotros cerrbamos el restaurante muy tarde. Vosotros cerrabais You used to close Vosotros cerrabais el tubo para no gastar agua. Ustedes/ellos/ellas cerraban You/they used to close Ellos cerraban el libro al terminar la clase. Cerrar Futureà Indicative Since the future indicative is conjugated by starting with the infinitive form (cerrar) and then adding the future tense endings, there is no stem change for this tense either. Yo cerrar I will close Yo cerrar las ventanas del carro. T cerrars You will close T cerrars las cortinas por la noche. Usted/l/ella cerrar You/he/she will close Ella cerrar el evento con un discurso. Nosotros cerraremos We will close Nosotros cerraremos el restaurante muy tarde. Vosotros cerraris You will close Vosotros cerraris el tubo para no gastar agua. Ustedes/ellos/ellas cerrarn You/they will close Ellos cerrarn el libro al terminar la clase. Cerrar Periphrastic Futureà Indicative There are three components that form the periphrastic future: the present tense conjugation of theà verbà irà (to go), the prepositionà aà and the infinitive of the verb (cerrar).à Yo voy a cerrar I am going to close Yo voy a cerrar las ventanas del carro. T vas a cerrar You are going to close T vas a cerrar las cortinas por la noche. Usted/l/ella va a cerrar You/he/she is going to close Ella va a cerrar el evento con un discurso. Nosotros vamos a cerrar We are going to close Nosotros vamos a cerrar el restaurante muy tarde. Vosotros vais a cerrar You are going to close Vosotros vais a cerrar el tubo para no gastar agua. Ustedes/ellos/ellas van a cerrar You/they are going to close Ellos van a cerrar el libro al terminar la clase. Cerrarà Present Progressive/Gerund Form The present participle (gerundioà in Spanish) can beà used to form progressive forms like the present progressive.à Present Progressive of Cerrar està ¡ cerrando is closing Ella està ¡ cerrandoà el evento con un discurso. Cerrar Past Participle The past participle can be used to form compound tenses such as theà present perfect, or it can be used as an adjective, as in La puerta està ¡ cerradaà (The door is closed). Compound tenses include the verbà haberà as an auxiliary verb. Present Perfect of Cerrarà ha cerrado has closedà Ella ha cerradoà el evento con un discurso. Cerrar Conditionalà Indicative The conditional tense is commonly used to talk about possibilities or hypothetical situations, and can be translated to English as would verb.à It is formed similarly to the future tense (starting with the infinitive form), so there is no stem change in this conjugation either. Yo cerrara I would close Yo cerrara las ventanas del carro si hiciera fro. T cerraras You would close T cerraras las cortinas por la noche si quisieras dormir mejor. Usted/l/ella cerrara You/he/she would close Ella cerrara el evento con un discurso si le dieran la oportunidad. Nosotros cerraramos We would close Nosotros cerraramos el restaurante ms tarde, pero se termin la comida. Vosotros cerrarais You would close Vosotros cerrarais el tubo para no gastar agua, pero los platos an estn sucios. Ustedes/ellos/ellas cerraran You/they would close Ellos cerraran el libro al terminar la clase, pero quieren seguir leyendo. Cerrar Present Subjunctive In the present subjunctive you have to be careful with the stem change e to ie, which occurs in all of the conjugations exceptà nosotrosà andà vosotros,à just like in the present indicative. Que yo cierre That I close El chofer pide que yo cierre las ventanas del carro. Que t cierres That you close Tu esposo quiere que t cierres las cortinas por la noche. Que usted/l/ella cierre That you/he/she close El jefe espera que ella cierre el evento con un discurso. Que nosotros cerremos That we close Los clientes quieren que nosotros cerremos el restaurante ms tarde. Que vosotros cerris That you close Mam pide que vosotros cerris el tubo para no gastar agua. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas cierren That you/they close La profesora pide que ellos cierren el libro al terminar la clase. Cerrar Imperfectà Subjunctive There are two possible ways ofà conjugating the imperfect subjunctive (which is also called the past subjunctive). Both options are correct, and neither one includes a stem change. Option 1 Que yo cerrara That I closed El chofer peda que yo cerrara las ventanas del carro. Que t cerraras That you closed Tu esposo quera que t cerraras las cortinas por la noche. Que usted/l/ella cerrara That you/he/she closed El jefe esperaba que ella cerrara el evento con un discurso. Que nosotros cerrramos That we closed Los clientes queran que nosotros cerrramos el restaurante ms tarde. Que vosotros cerrarais That you closed Mam peda que vosotros cerrarais el tubo para no gastar agua. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas cerraran That you/they closed La profesora peda que ellos cerraran el libro al terminar la clase. Option 2 Que yo cerrase That I closed El chofer peda que yo cerrase las ventanas del carro. Que t cerrases That you closed Tu esposo quera que t cerrases las cortinas por la noche. Que usted/l/ella cerrase That you/he/she closed El jefe esperaba que ella cerrase el evento con un discurso. Que nosotros cerrsemos That we closed Los clientes queran que nosotros cerrsemos el restaurante ms tarde. Que vosotros cerraseis That you closed Mam peda que vosotros cerraseis el tubo para no gastar agua. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas cerrasen That you/they closed La profesora peda que ellos cerrasen el libro al terminar la clase. Cerrar Imperativeà The imperative mood is used to give direct orders or commands. Below you can find the positive and negative commands. Notice the stem change in theà tà º, usted,à andà ustedesà forms. Positive Commands T cierra Close! Cierra las cortinas por la noche! Usted cierre Close! Cierre el evento con un discurso! Nosotros cerremos Lets close! Cerremos el restaurante ms tarde! Vosotros cerrad Close! Cerrad el tubo para no gastar agua! Ustedes cierren Close! Cierren el libro al terminar la clase! Negative Commands T no cierres Dont close! No cierres las cortinas por la noche! Usted no cierre Dont close! No cierre el evento con un discurso! Nosotros no cerremos Lets not close! No cerremos el restaurante ms tarde! Vosotros no cerris Dont close! No cerris el tubo para no gastar agua! Ustedes no cierren Dont close! No cierren el libro al terminar la clase!
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